GI Emergencies
Emergency Management Protocols for Gastrointestinal Conditions
Conditions
Upper GI Bleed
ATS Category 1 — Evidence Grade A
Epidemiology
Incidence of 40-150 per 100,000 adults annually. Mortality remains around 6-10%.
Pathophysiology
Bleeding proximal to the ligament of Treitz. Causes include PUD (50%), varices, Mallory-Weiss tears, and malignancy.
Risk Factors
- •NSAID use
- •H. pylori infection
- •Chronic alcohol use
- •Anticoagulation
- •Previous GI bleed